Lateral reading and SIFT are two strategies that provide a framework for evaluating websites. These strategies are a bit newer than CRAAP and are intended to give actionable steps to evaluate sources.
Lateral Reading
This is the process of finding information on a website by looking for additional information on the author and the site by using sites that are already known to be trustworthy. These strategies are used by professional fact-checkers to verify information.
Steps:
- Open a new Internet tab in your browser
- Search for the author, organization, or site name (depending on what is available)
- Use fact-checking sites likes Snopes, PolitiFact, FactCheck, or even Wikipedia (specifically the citations they provide!)
- Check credible news sources
- Find out what other sites, news sources, and commenters say about say about the author, organization, or site
SIFT
The acronym stands for Stop, Investigate, Trace, and Claim.
- STOP – before you start searching, think about what you are looking for and the information you need
- When you find a site, take a minute to evaluate whether you know the source before trusting it
- INVESTIGATE – take 60 seconds to learn more about the source by looking at the About Us section and running on a search on the author or organization affiliated with the page
- FIND – look for additional, reputable sources making the same claim as the new source you found
- TRACE – for any claims or quotes, find the original instance and evaluate the context; is anything being misrepresented?
Additional Resources
- Iowa University Libraries – Evaluating Online Information: Lateral Reading
- The Chicago School University Library – Navigating Misinformation and Disinformation: What is Lateral Reading?
- University of Wisconsin-Green Bay – Evaluating Sources of Information
- News Literacy Project – Expand your view with lateral reading
- Central Michigan University Libraries – Online Research: Lateral Reading and SIFT