Title IX - University Libraries

Overview

Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972 is a federal law that prohibits discrimination, based on sex, in education programs and activities that receive federal financial assistance.

“No person in the United States shall, on the basis of sex, be excluded from participation in, be denied the benefits of,
or be subjected to discrimination under any education program or activity receiving Federal financial assistance.”
U.S. Code (20 USC 1681-1688)

The U.S. Department of Education gives grants of financial assistance to schools and colleges. The Title IX regulation describes the conduct that violates Title IX. Examples of the types of discrimination that are covered under Title IX include sexual harassment; the failure to provide equal opportunity in athletics; discrimination in a school’s science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) courses and programs; and discrimination based on pregnancy. The Title IX regulation is enforced by The Office for Civil Rights (OCR) and is in the code of federal regulations at 34 CFR Part 106.

Web Links

Title IX Info A campaign advancing gender equality in education programs. This comprehensive site includes history and current developments in a variety of areas covered by Title IX.
Title IX Blog An interdisciplinary resource for news, legal developments, commentary, and scholarship about Title IX.
Title IX, Implicit Bias, and Gender Issues A faculty toolkit that includes Title IX resources, assignment ideas, and examples of faculty activism.
Teaching Tolerance: Title IX at 40 A project of the Southern Poverty Law Center. Includes a link to a Title IX ‘toolkit’.

Government Agencies

U.S. Dept. of Educaiton, Office for Civil Rights The mission of the Office for Civil Rights is to ensure equal access to education and to promote educational excellence throughout the nation by vigorous enforcement of civil rights. This office has primary responsibility for enforcing Title IX’s provisions with respect to recipients of federal education funds.more…
Secretary’s Commission on Opportunity in Athletics The Commission, formed in June 2002, was a panel comprised of sports professionals and educators to examine ways to strengthen enforcement and expand opportunities to ensure fairness for all college athletes. The Commission issued a final report in February 2003. This is the archived information.
U.S. Department of Justice, Civil Rights Division Publishes the Title IX Legal Manual, designed to be an abstract of general principles and issues for use by various federal agencies charged with enforcing Title IX.

Clarkson’s Title IX Coordinator

If you have questions or concerns about Title IX that are not addressed in these pages, you are encouraged to contact your school’s Title IX Coordinator.

Every school or school district that receives federal funding is required to designate and/or adequately train at least one employee to coordinate the recipient’s Title IX responsibilities.

Clarkson University, Title IX Coordinator
Jennifer Ball
Assistant Professor, Humanities & Social Sciences
President, AAUW St. Lawrence County Branch
jball@clarkson.edu
315-268-4208

Additional Resources

Quick Facts

Related Issues

EEOC and Sexual Harrassment

Research & Advocacy Organizations

American Alliance for Health, Physical Education, Recreation and Dance (AAHPERD) This group’s objective is to develop and deliver equitable and quality sport opportunities for all girls and women through relevant research, advocacy, leadership development, educational strategies, and programming.
American Association for University Women (AAUW) A non-profit, non-partisan, non-profit organization with the mission to empower women and girls through advocacy, education, philanthropy, and research.
American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU)
Feminist Majority Foundation: Title IX Online Resources A concise, annotated link directory.
Gay, Lesbian, & Straight Education Network (GLSEN) The mission of GLSEN is to ensure that every member of every school community is valued and respected regardless of sexual orientation, gender identity, or gender expression. They conduct research, develop education programs, and advocate for policies on local, state, and federal levels that make schools better and safer.
Independent Women’s Forum The mission of this group is to affirm women’s participation in and contributions to a free, self-governing society.
Know Your IX A campaign to educate all students in the U.S. about their rights under Title IX in order to empower students to stop sexual violence. Includes information about filing a Title IX complaint (process, common concerns, pros & cons).
National Coalition for Women & Girls in Education (NCWGE) This non-profit organization is dedicated to improving educational opportunities for girls and women. Site includes a comprehensive easy-to-read Title IX at 40 report, outlining the variety of issues involved.
National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Title IX Resource Center The organization responsible for the majority of college sports.
National Federation of State High School Associations (NFHS) This group works to build awareness and support, improve the participation experience, and establish consistent standards and rules for competition in education-based interscholastic sports and activities. Includes annual high school athletics participation data.
National Organization for Women (NOW) The largest organization of feminist activists in the United States.
National Women’s Law Center (NWLC) Advances issues at the core of women’s lives in education, employment, family, and economic security, and health and reproductive rights.
Women’s Sports Foundation Founded in 1974 by tennis legend Billie Jean King, this foundation is dedicated to advancing the lives of girls and women through sports and physical activity.

Reports, Documents, & Statistics

A Bibliography of Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972 and its Impact on Intercollegiate Athletics This paper is hosted by the Social Science Research Network. The full 69 page report may be downloaded from the site. Authored by Christine I. Hepler, Associate Director, Gabrecht Law Library, University of Maine School of Law, 2009.
Equity in Athletics Data Analysis Cutting Tool From the Office of Postsecondary Education of the U.S. Department of Education. This analysis cutting tool was designed to provide rapid customized reports for public inquiries relating to equity in athletics data.
Examining The Cracks in the Ceiling: A Survey of Corporate Diversity A report issued by Calvert Investments reviewing practices of the S&P 100, March 2013.
Faces of Title IX A project of the National Women’s Law Center. Stories that go beyond the statistics to show how the law has helped people.
Happy Birthday, Title IX! A compilation of news articles commemorating the 40th anniversary of Title IX.
Know Your Rights and Your College’s Responsibilities: Title IX and Sexual Assault Published by the ACLU Women’s Rights Project.
Title IX & STEM: A Guide for Conducting Title IX Self-Evaluations in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics Programs Published by NASA’s Office of Diversity and Equal Opportunity, June 2012
Title IX at 40 – An Interview With Billie Jean King By Martha Burk, Huffington Post, June 2012
Title IX Athletics: Accommodating Interests and Abilities. A briefing report sponsored by the U.S. Commission on Civil Rights, February 2010.
Title IX Enforcement Highlights From the Office for Civil Rights, U.S. Department of Education. June 2012.
Title IX Liability for Anti-Gay Bullying: An Overview From the American Bar Association (ABA) annual meeting, August 2012.
Title IX: 25 years of Progress A progress report from June 1997 prepared by the U.S. Department of Education.
Title IX: 40 Years and Counting The Next Generation of Title IX: Athletics. A fact sheet authored by the National Women’s Law Center, June 2012.
A comprehensive look at the educational achievement of girls during the past 35 years. Authored by the American Association of University Women (AAUW). A comprehensive look at the educational achievement of girls during the past 35 years. Authored by the American Association of University Women (AAUW).
Women’s Participation in the Sciences Has Increased, but Agencies Need to Do More to Ensure Co

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