{"id":80,"date":"2023-02-22T01:54:17","date_gmt":"2023-02-22T01:54:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dev-cu-sites.pantheonsite.io\/storiesfromthecircle\/?page_id=80"},"modified":"2023-03-31T15:57:29","modified_gmt":"2023-03-31T15:57:29","slug":"background-reading","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/sites.clarkson.edu\/storiesfromthecircle\/background-reading\/","title":{"rendered":"Background Reading"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>1. The Syracuse Columbus statue and the downtown circle<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u201c<a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/sites.clarkson.edu\/storiesfromthecircle\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/75\/2023\/03\/Robert-Searing-A-Circle-of-Controversy.pdf\" data-type=\"attachment\" data-id=\"160\" target=\"_blank\">A Circle of Controversy<\/a>,\u201d by Bob Searing, published in <em>History Highlights, <\/em>the Onondaga Historical Association magazine, 2019. (This is a long and detailed article that may provide helpful background for educators.)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/sites.clarkson.edu\/storiesfromthecircle\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/75\/2023\/02\/Columbus-statue-timeline.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Syracuse Columbus Statue: A Timeline<\/a>. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.syr.gov\/Departments\/Mayor-Office\/Mayors-Office-Initiatives\/Heritage-Park\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Heritage Park Syracuse website<\/a>. The city of Syracuse is planning to turn the downtown circle and the space across the street into&nbsp; a Heritage Park. In the words of the city, the space will \u201ccelebrate the contributions of our richly diverse communities and their resilience to oppression.\u201d<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.syr.gov\/Living\/Our-Community\/Parks-Recreation-Youth-Services\/Visit-Our-Parks\/Columbus-Circle\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">The downtown circle<\/a>. Buildings facing the statue include:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Onondaga County Courthouse.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/cathedralsyracuse.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception<\/a>, formerly St. Mary\u2019s Catholic Church. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pacny.net\/freedom_trail\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Former Wesleyan Methodist Church<\/a>, a stop for the underground railroad (building is now home to the Mission Restaurant).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/sites.clarkson.edu\/storiesfromthecircle\/photos-of-the-statue\" target=\"_blank\">Photos of the statue<\/a>. <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. <strong>Local Debates on the Statue<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.syracuse.com\/news\/2020\/06\/syracuses-columbus-statue-debate-why-we-should-remove-it-and-why-we-should-keep-it-video.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Syracuse\u2019s Columbus statue debate: Why we should remove it and why we should keep it<\/a>,\u201d 5-minute video by Katrina Tulloch, CNY News.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.change.org\/p\/mayor-ben-walsh-remove-racist-monument-in-syracuse\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Petition for the removal of the statue<\/a>, started by Blake Garland-Tirado.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.change.org\/p\/mayor-ben-walsh-remove-racist-monument-in-syracuse\"><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.onondaganation.org\/news\/2020\/onondaga-nation-statement-on-columbus-statue-in-downtown-syracuse\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Onondaga Nation statement on the statue, 2020<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Op-Eds from local writers:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Op-Eds arguing for the removal of the statue:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.syracuse.com\/opinion\/2020\/07\/embrace-democratic-values-remove-iconic-fascist-memorials-commentary.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Embrace Democratic Values. Remove Iconic Fascist Memorials<\/a>.\u201d (Commentary, Syracuse.com, by Philip Arnold and Sandra Bigtree)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.syracuse.com\/opinion\/2020\/07\/embrace-democratic-values-remove-iconic-fascist-memorials-commentary.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Columbus Statue: Symbols of Oppression Go Far Beyond the Confederate Flag<\/a>.\u201d (Commentary, Syracuse.com, by Betty Lyons)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Op-Eds arguing to keep the statue up:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/dailyorange.com\/2021\/12\/dont-tear-statues-duty-preserve-american-history\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Don\u2019t Tear Down Statues. It\u2019s our duty to preserve American history<\/a>.\u201d <em>Daily Orange <\/em>(Syracuse University student newspaper), by Augustus LeRoux, SU history major.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.syracuse.com\/opinion\/2020\/07\/columbus-monument-honors-struggles-of-italian-americans-who-built-it-commentary.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Columbus Monument Honors Struggles of Italian-Americans who Built It<\/a>.\u201d (Commentary, Syracuse.com, by Mark Nicotra on behalf of the Columbus Monument Corporation Board.)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>3. History of Columbus<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>&#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/sourcebooks.fordham.edu\/source\/columbus1.asp\">Christopher Columbus: Extracts from Journal<\/a>.&#8221; The excerpts starting at October 11 are particularly relevant to discussions of the encounter between Columbus and Indigenous people.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/nationalhumanitiescenter.org\/pds\/amerbegin\/contact\/text7\/casas_destruction.pdf\">Excerpt from Las Casas, <em>Very Brief Account of the Devastation of the Indies<\/em><\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>&#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=V3gF7ULVrl4\">Doctrine of Discovery<\/a>,&#8221; short film featuring Sidney Hill and Oren Lyons.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>&#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/indiancountrytoday.com\/archive\/taino-nation-alive-and-strong\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Taino Nation Alive and Strong<\/a>,&#8221; by Valerie Taliman, <em>Indian Country Today.<\/em> <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4. <strong>Haudenosaunee and Onondaga culture<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>&#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.onondaganation.org\/aboutus\/\">Who We Are<\/a>,&#8221;  introduction to the Onondaga Nation web page.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>&#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.onondaganation.org\/video\/\">We are the Haudenosaunee<\/a>,&#8221; short video featuring Oren Lyons and Sidney Hill. \u200b\u200b(Additional videos on Haudenosaunee and Onondaga culture can be found here as well.)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/native-land.ca\/maps\/territories\/haudenosauneega-confederacy\/\">Maps of historic and present Haudenosaunee territory<\/a>, from Native Land Digital.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>5. Italian American history and consolidation of communal identity<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.loc.gov\/classroom-materials\/immigration\/italian\/\">Italian Immigration and Relocation in U.S. History<\/a>,\u201d <em>Library of Congress Classroom Materials. <\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.smithsonianmag.com\/history\/sacco-and-vanzettis-trial-century-exposed-injustice-1920s-america-180977843\/\">Sacco and Vanzetti\u2019s Trial of the Century Exposed Injustice in 1920s America<\/a>,\u201d <em>Smithsonian Magazine. <\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Lakshmi Gandhi, \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.npr.org\/sections\/codeswitch\/2013\/10\/14\/232120128\/how-columbus-sailed-into-u-s-history-thanks-to-italians\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">How Columbus Sailed into U.S. History, Thanks to Italians<\/a>,\u201d on the history of Columbus Day, National Public Radio. <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>6. Functions of monuments; removing and revising monuments<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/inclusivehistorian.com\/memorials-and-monuments\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Monuments and Memorials<\/a>,\u201d <em>The Inclusive Historian\u2019s Handbook<\/em>. (This is a long article but may serve as helpful background for teachers.)&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ucdavis.edu\/curiosity\/news\/redefining-role-public-monuments\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Redefining the Role of Public Monuments<\/a>,\u201d UC Davis News.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ucdavis.edu\/curiosity\/news\/redefining-role-public-monuments\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Building Citizen Historians: Teaching Historical Analysis of Statues on Public Lands<\/a>,\u201d by Michael Neel and Jared Aumen, <em>Social Education<\/em>, 2022. (Aimed at educators; helpful framework and questions for discussing monuments with students.) <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>1. The Syracuse Columbus statue and the downtown circle 2. Local Debates on the Statue 3. History of Columbus 4. Haudenosaunee and Onondaga culture 5. Italian American history and consolidation of communal identity 6. Functions of monuments; removing and revising monuments<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":44,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"advgb_blocks_editor_width":"","advgb_blocks_columns_visual_guide":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-80","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"coauthors":[],"author_meta":{"author_link":"https:\/\/sites.clarkson.edu\/storiesfromthecircle\/author\/lpropst\/","display_name":"lpropst"},"relative_dates":{"created":"Posted 3 years ago","modified":"Updated 3 years ago"},"absolute_dates":{"created":"Posted on February 22, 2023","modified":"Updated on March 31, 2023"},"absolute_dates_time":{"created":"Posted on February 22, 2023 1:54 am","modified":"Updated on March 31, 2023 3:57 pm"},"featured_img_caption":"","featured_img":false,"series_order":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.clarkson.edu\/storiesfromthecircle\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/80","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.clarkson.edu\/storiesfromthecircle\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.clarkson.edu\/storiesfromthecircle\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.clarkson.edu\/storiesfromthecircle\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/44"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.clarkson.edu\/storiesfromthecircle\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=80"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/sites.clarkson.edu\/storiesfromthecircle\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/80\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.clarkson.edu\/storiesfromthecircle\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=80"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}