{"id":158,"date":"2019-06-07T18:35:40","date_gmt":"2019-06-07T18:35:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dev-cu-sites.pantheonsite.io\/cuwrite\/?page_id=158"},"modified":"2024-11-01T11:14:58","modified_gmt":"2024-11-01T15:14:58","slug":"apa-examples","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/sites.clarkson.edu\/cuwrite\/writing-resources\/citations\/apa-examples\/","title":{"rendered":"APA"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Make sure to read an overview about Citations<\/a> to ensure you have a clear understanding of the multiple citation formats required by different disciplines. See this Writer’s Handbook page for a good overview<\/a>. See the APA website for tutorials.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

APA Format Basics<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Check out the basics for both IN-TEXT and REFERENCE citations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reference Citations<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reference Citations<\/strong> give all the publishing information. Online sources don’t need a retrieval date<\/strong> unless they are websites likely to change. Online sources don’t always need the full URL, but it’s safer to put in the full URL<\/strong> and then whittle down as needed. If there is a DOI <\/strong>use that instead of the URL. See OWL Purdue for more on electronic sources<\/a>. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

For the order of information and whether to use abbreviations, lower case, etc., please look at the example below:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

In-text Citations<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In-text Citations<\/strong> require the author, the year and the page number (with a “p”) each separated by commas. The period of the sentence goes AFTER the citation. E.g. (Jones, 2020, p. 257)<\/strong>. Multiple authors (Smith, Jones & Wilson, 2020, p. 257)<\/strong>. No authors (“How to,” 2020, p. 2)<\/strong>. No date or page (“How to,” n.d., para. 3)<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

How and where to place In-Text Citations<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

As an introductory phrase<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

According to Friedman (2005), international trade barriers will have mostly disappeared in the 21st century.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Friedman (2005) said that professionals “better be good at … touchy-feely service” (p. 14). <\/p>\n\n\n\n

At the end of a general summary (no page needed):<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The 21st<\/sup> Century is characterized by the “flat world” in which barriers among countries, communities, and citizens no longer exist or are flattened.  As a result, professionals must prepare for the threat of outsourcing (Friedman, 2005).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

At the end of a quote even within a sentence (p. needed): <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Professionals \u201cbetter be good at the touchy-feely service stuff\u201d (Freidman, 2005, p. 14) if they want to meet the challenges of the 21st<\/sup> century.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

When paraphrasing<\/strong> (p. needed):<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Since factories are easy to outsource abroad, American workers should prepare to work in the service industry by developing soft skills (Friedman, 2005, p. 14).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Block quote (more than 4 lines):<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Make sure to read an overview about Citations to ensure you have a clear understanding of the multiple citation formats required by different disciplines. See this Writer’s Handbook page for a good overview. See the APA website for tutorials. APA Format Basics Check out the basics for both IN-TEXT and REFERENCE citations. Reference Citations Reference Citations give […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":155,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"page-templates\/right-sidebarpage.php","meta":{"advgb_blocks_editor_width":"","advgb_blocks_columns_visual_guide":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-158","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"coauthors":[],"author_meta":{"author_link":"https:\/\/sites.clarkson.edu\/cuwrite\/author\/moeler\/","display_name":"moeler"},"relative_dates":{"created":"Posted 7 years ago","modified":"Updated 2 years ago"},"absolute_dates":{"created":"Posted on June 7, 2019","modified":"Updated on November 1, 2024"},"absolute_dates_time":{"created":"Posted on June 7, 2019 6:35 pm","modified":"Updated on November 1, 2024 11:14 am"},"featured_img_caption":"","featured_img":false,"series_order":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.clarkson.edu\/cuwrite\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/158","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.clarkson.edu\/cuwrite\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.clarkson.edu\/cuwrite\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.clarkson.edu\/cuwrite\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.clarkson.edu\/cuwrite\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=158"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/sites.clarkson.edu\/cuwrite\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/158\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1157,"href":"https:\/\/sites.clarkson.edu\/cuwrite\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/158\/revisions\/1157"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.clarkson.edu\/cuwrite\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/155"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.clarkson.edu\/cuwrite\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=158"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}